Session in Django

With the session framework in Django, you can save and retrieve any data on a per-visitor basis for your website. This framework stores the data on the server side and handles the sending and receiving of cookies in a simplified way. Essentially, the cookie only contains a session ID rather than the actual data, unless you’re using the cookie-based backend.

Enabling Sessions in Django

We must first enable session middleware in our application before we can create a session in Django. The session middleware is responsible for handling sessions. Middleware is a mechanism to add functionality to Django’s request/response processing pipeline.

To enable session middleware, we need to add the following line to our MIDDLEWARE setting in settings.py:

INSTALLED_APPS = [   
    'django.contrib.sessions',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
        'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
      
]

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Create Session in Django

Creating a session in Django is simple. To save data in the user’s session, we can store the request.session object. Here’s an example.

def setSession(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        username = request.POST.get('username')
        password = request.POST.get('password')         
                  
    try:                      
        user = authentication.objects.get(username=username,password=password)            
        if user is not None:
            request.session['username'] = user.username
            request.session['emailid'] = user.emailid 
            request.session['userid'] = user.id
            render(request, 'index.html', {})    
    except Exception as identifier:
            
            messages.error(request, "Invalid login details given")   
            return redirect('/')    

Get Django Session Data

In Django, we can simply read from the request.session object to retrieve session data. Here’s an example:

def getSession(request):
    if 'User_id' in request.session:
        username = request.session['username']   

Delete a Django Session Value

It is important to note that reading from the session does not remove the data from the session. We can use the del keyword to erase data from the session, as shown below.

def logout(request):
    del request.session['User_id']
    return redirect('/')

Conclusion
We’ve covered the fundamentals of session creation in Django Python in this article. We began by talking about what sessions are and how they function in Django. Then we went through how to create and store data in sessions, as well as how to retrieve and delete data from them.

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